Cast iron corrodes from the inside, so a pipe that still looks solid on the outside can have lost most of its wall thickness underneath. A camera run through the line shows scaling, flaking, and a rough, narrowed interior, the signs that the pipe is failing structurally rather than simply clogging in one spot.
A single collapsed or cracked section can sometimes be cut out and rejoined without touching the rest of the line. Once several sections show the same corrosion pattern, though, patching one area only delays the next failure a few feet further down, which is usually when full replacement becomes the more practical choice.
The camera footage is the deciding factor either way, not a guess based on the home’s age or how long a section has been clogging. That footage is what actually decides which section of pipe comes out, rather than an estimate of the whole line’s age.